Machine tool



Feb. 24,- 1942. F. J. KAMPMEIER ET Al. 2,273,870

MACHINE VTOOL Filed Feb. 1o, 1939 2 sheets-sheet 1 Y J4 29- %@f n y9 I lill/lll IIIIIIII grader/'cf CfQ/a/zf/Owe/e ar/ Off/30609)? 197 HJM, am, i" W TTOQusj/s Feb. 24, 1942. F. J. KAMPMEIER ET AL MACHINE TOOL Filed Feb. 10,.193s 2 Sheets-sheet` 2 NVENTOQ 86 A um CTTOQQEXS which thetool head slides esses and other kinds of machines.

Patented Feb. 24, 1942 o ammo MACHINE Toor.

Frederick J. Kampmeier and Earl M. Bowen,

Rockford, lll., assignors to The Ingersoll Millration of Illinois ing Machine Company, Rockford, Ill., a corpo- Y Application February 10,`1 l39, Serial No.' 255,667

s maims. (cl. 'zr-ss) This invention relates to machine tools having slidable heads reciprocated by power driven actu-` ators and has more particular reference to machines in which the ways which support the tool head comprise a plurality of posts or 'bars projecting from and anchored at one end on the iixture or base which supports the work operation of the tools thereon.

One object of the invention is to provide a machine tool of the above general character in which the reactionary forces of the work on the' tools and the actuating force for Aadvancing the tools into the Work are directed ylongitudinally of the ways on which the tool head slides and balanced relative to these ways in a. novelmanne'rsuch as to avoid subjecting the posts on to objectional lateral or bending forces.

The invention also resides in the novel ar-` rangementy of the power actuator for reciproprise generally a base or pedestal 5 adapted to rest upon the iioor and providing a nxture frame piece during eating the tool head so as to obtain the desired balanced condition of the actuating force.

Another object is to provide a machine tool of the above character having a plurality of power driven head actuators alined With or` incorporated in the posts on which the head slides.` [Other objectsv and advantages of the invention lwill become apparent from the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which f Figure l is aperspective view of a multiple spindle embodying the features of the present invention, certain of the parts beingbroken away and shown in section. o Fig. 2 isa sectional view taken along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. `3 is -a fragmentary front elevational view of a modified form of machine tool.

6 for supporting a Work piece in elevated position while it is being ,operated upon by tools 1 on rotary spindles 8 carried by a reciprocable head 9. The xture frame 'is a rigid box-like structure having side walls or posts I0 upstanding from the pedestal and joined by a top plate II.

While being machined, the Work piece,-which may for example be the engine block 'of an internal combustion engine, is mounted in the fixture frame on a support I3 and clamped between the latter and the top plate. Herein, there' are a plurality of tool spindles arranged in a line and the tools are adapted to operate simultaneously on a series of cylinders of the AWork piece.

-In the machine shown in Fig. l, the tools 'I are adapted to chamfer the ends of the Work Piece cylinders and the spindles 8 are guided in bushings I2 in the top plate Il. Figs. 3 and 4 show a cylinder boring machine in which tools 1 are fast on spindles 8 rotatable in sleeves.A I9 projecting from the head 9.

The head 9 comprises a hollow casting housing the speed reduction gearing by which the spindles 8 are driven from an electric motor Il. To Asupport the head from the iixture frame and thereby vavoid the necessity of a column, extension I5 on vopposite sides of thehead casting are internally lbored to `provide internal way surfaces I6 disposed at opposite ends of the row of spindles and having their axes extending parallel to and disposed in a plane common to the spindle axes. Projecting through and slidable in the bores I6 are posts or rods I1 having machined external surfaces and forming guideways for the tool head. At their lower ends, the rods are anchored on the fixture frame and for thisv purpose may be Fig. 4 is-a fragmentary' front elevational view of another modiilcation, certain of the parts being broken away and others being shown in section.

While the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described herein in connection with machine tools for performing certain metal formed with feet I8,- bolted to the top plate II.

In accordance with the presentA invention, power for feeding the head back and forthalong the posts Il is applied in a manner such as to avoid subjecting the posts I'I to lateral bending stresses that would result in inaccuracies in guidremoving operations on a typical work piece, it is applicable to varlous'other metal removing-procbe understood, therefore, that we do not intend to limit the invention by the present exemplary disclosures but aim to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope ofl the invention as expressed in the appended claims. A

'I'he machine tools shown inthe drawings com- ItiStO' ing the tools. To this end, the feeding pressure is applied along a plurality of lines lying substantially in a plane common to the post axes and preferably outside of the posts. The feeding pressure is exerted by pairs of coacting stationary and movable feed elements which, in the present instance, are of the hydraulic type and comprise a' stationary cylinder 20 and a piston 2| reciprocable therein. In Fig. 1, opposite ends oi the cylinder are clamped by bolts 22 againstthe side walls II) ofthe iixtre frame 6 and the piston conduit 4|.

has a rod 23 projecting from the upper end of the cylinder and attached to the head 9. The connection may be through the medium of an arm 24 formed integral with and projecting laterally and outwardly from the head extensions I5.

Reciprocation of the head back and forth is effected by controlling the ow of pressure fluid lselectively to opposite ends of the cylinder from a source of supply such as a motor driven pump (not shown) housedin the machine base 5. Such flow is controlled by the usual valve 25 which may be arranged for actuation by dogs 26 on a vertical rod 21 attached yto a bracket 28 on the head 9.

If desired, the two hydraulic actuators may, as shown in Fig.3, be disposed alongside the head 9. In this case, the cylinders are attached at their lower ends to the feet I8 supporting the posts I1 and the piston rod is bolted to a horizontal arm 29 at the upper end of the head, the axes of the piston and cylinder being in lthe plane of the posts I1.

Fig. 4 shows a modied construction and arrangement of the coacting feed elements which might be used to advantage where the tool head is of the self-contained type. In this form, the axes of the coacting feed elements of the two pairs coincide with the axes of the posts I1 which, for this purpose are made hollow at least at their upper ends so as to dene the cylinders 30 of hydraulic actuators. The cylinders may belined with sleeves 3I in which reciprocate pistons 32 having rods 33 slidable in stung boxes 34 closing the upper ends of the cylinders and bolted tothe ends of bracket arms 35 rigid with the head casting.

Preferably, each rod 33 and its piston are..

drilled to provide a longitudinal passage 36 extending the full length of the rod and piston so `as toopen into the head end of the cylinder 30 and'communicate at its upper. end with a conduit 31. A second passage 38 within the rod 33 combending stresses will be applied to the posts and the accuracy of the tool movements will not be affected in spite of the severe endwise force applied to the head during certain machining operations. As a result, the posts constitute a simple and inexpensive means for effecting accurate guiding of the tool head during engagement of the tools and the work. Since these guides may be attached directly to the frame of the work fixture, the necessity of columns or other frame structures is avoided and the cost of the machine tool as a whole is reduced accordingly.

We claim as our invention:

1. A machine tool having, in combination, a plurality-of posts rigidly supported from one ot their ends, a tool head having internaly way surfaces receiving and slidable on said posts, a plurality of fluid pressure actuators each comprising coacting piston and cylinder elements one rigid with one of said posts, the other being connected to and movable with said head, and power actuated means for delivering pressure fluid to opposite ends of each cylinder element.

2.*A machine tool having, in combination, a plurality of posts rigidly supported from one of their ends, a tool head having internal way surfaces receiving and slidable on said posts, coacting piston and cylinder elements, one rigid With one of said posts, and the other being connected to said head for movement therewith, a power driven pump mounted on said head, and connections through which fluid from said pump may be delivered to opposite ends of said cylinder element.

3. A machine tool having, in combination, a plurality of posts rigidly supported from one of their ends, a tool head having internal way surmunicates with the rod end pf the cylinder through a hole 39 and through a hole 40 with a v The conduits, being movable with the head and piston rod, may be of the rigid type and lead to a valve 42 which controls the ilow of uid to and from opposite ends of the cylinder from a pump 44 carried by the head and driven by the tool drive motor I4. To define the cycle of movement of the head, the valve 42 may be actuated by solenoids, one of which is shown at 45, energized underA the control of switches 41 which are carried by the head and operated by dogs 48 on a stationary lrod 49. When the valve is conditioned to admit fluid to the head end of the cylinder through theconduit 31 and the passage 33 and connect the conduit 4I, to the drain, the head 9 will beraised. In the reverse position of the valve, fluid will flow into the rod end of the cylinder through the conduit 4I and the passage 38 and out of the head end through the passage 36 and the conduit 31, the

head being retracted.

By employing pairs lof coacting feedelements arranged in the manner above described with their axes falling substantially in a plane which includes the axes of the guideways formed by the vfaces receiving and slidable on said posts, a cylinder within one of said posts, a piston reciprocable within saidcylinder. a rod for said piston projecting from the end of the post and connected to said head, said`rod having passages therethrough in constant communication with opposite ends of said cylinder, a power driven pump on said head, and conduits carried by said head through which pressure fluid from said pump may be directed into either of said passages.

4. A machine tool having, in combination, a

plurality of posts, amachine tool element having internal way surfaces slidable on said posts, a cylinder within one of said posts, a piston reciprocable in saidcylinder, a rod for said piston connected to said element and having passages therethrough communicating with opposite ends of 'said cylinder, a power driven pump movable with v said element, and means for conducting pressure fluid from said pump to said passages,

5. A machine tool having, in combination, a plurality of posts, a machine tool element slidable on the external surfaces of said posts, a cylinder within 'one of said posts, a piston reciprocable within said cylinder, and means movable with said element and operable to supply pressure fluid to said cylinder on opposite sides of said piston 6. A machine tool having, in combination, a

, plurality of posts, a machine tool element slidable on the external surfaces of said posts, a cylinder within one of said posts, a piston reciprocable within said cylinder, and means for supplying pressure uid to opposite ends of said cylinder.

'7. A machine tool having, in combination, a tubular member having an external way surface, a machine tool element guided by said member and slidable along said surface, a reciprocable ipiston disposed'v/ ithin said member and connected to said element, and means for applying fluid pressure to said piston to move said element along said surface.

v8,'A machine `tool havingin combination, a

tubular. member having an external Way surface,-

a machine'tool element guided by said member Y FREDERICK J. KAMPMEIER.

EARL M. BOWEN. 

